Anglican Studies

A Proposed Program for Anglican Theological Studies

At present, this program envisions studies in eleven fields. It is comprehensive, but not complete: at the very least, augmentation is necessary in several areas, particularly with regard to Church History, Anglican Liturgy, Pastoral Theology and Parish Administration. The particular circumstances of the African Church in general, and the Kenyan Church in particular, must be incorporated into this program to enable students to creatively and “authentically” address problems relevant to their time and place.

This has been designed to inculcate a traditional Anglican approach to the study and practice of theology while at the same time addressing the theological/pastoral issues which confront us in these times.

Each area of study opens with n Overview or Introductory Course to familiarize the newcomer to theological study to the basic vocabulary and principal ideas in the field. More in-depth, secondary courses are labeled “Mid-level” and further courses are listed as “specialized” at the end of each listing.

| — Theological Studies in the Anglican Tradition

An overview of the Anglican theological tradition from the 16″ through the 21* centuries, emphasizing theological “schools of each era: Reformation thought in England through Elizabeth |, the Caroline Divines, Latitudinarianism, the Evangelical movement of the 18″ century, the Catholic movement of the 19″ century; the Broad-Church tradition; Liberal Catholicism of Bp Gore; the Ecumenism of the 20″ century; the theological fragmentation of the late 20′” century and the ensuing theological and moral relativism
Texts:
ll — Holy Scripture
Old Testament

1-Introduction to the Old Testament: a general introduction to the Old Testament, its structure and development, an overview of its contents with emphasis on the Torah, especially Genesis and Exodus; an examination of the literature, dominant themes and teachings of each part of the OT; the place of the OT in Christian doctrine; an introductory level course

2-The Pentateuch: an overview of the Torah (Genesis through Deuteronomy),
its contents, composition, story and theology; an overview of the interpretation of the Pentateuch in Christian exegesis. a mid-level course

3-The Prophets: the prophetic tradition in the OT; the historical and theological setting of the major prophets, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel and Daniel, and their message; an overview of the minor prophets; the influence of the prophets on Jewish religion; a review of the Christian interpretation of the prophets. a mid- level course

4-Wisdom Literature and the Apocryphal Books: the “Wisdom” literature of the OT, the poetic books of Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, and Lamentations considered as literature with an examination of the principal characteristics of Jewish poetic composition; the theology of Job and the place of the Psalms in liturgical and personal use (Jewish and Christian) will particularly be examined. a mid-level course

5-specialized courses: God in the Old Testament; God, Creation and Man in Genesis; The Psalms in Worship and the Christian Tradition; Isaiah; The Ethics of the Jewish Prophets; Jewish Tradition and the Talmud

New Testament

1-Introduction to the New Testament: a general introduction to the New Testament, its structure and development, an overview of its contents with
emphasis on the story of Christ in the Gospels and the presentation of Christ in the Epistles (especially in the Epistles of St Paul) an examination of the literature, dominant themes and teachings of each principal author of the NT (especially the
Gospels). A review of apocryphal “NT” literature, especially the apocryphal
gospels. an introductory level course

2-The Gospels: a comparative review of the four Gospels. Attention will be paid to the distinctive structure, vocabulary and principal emphases of each, its particular characteristics and relation to the other Gospels. a mid-level course

3-The Epistles: a study of the epistolary form, its background and importance in the first generations of Christians. Different authors, the traditions they pass on and the distinctive characteristics of their thought will be emphasized. a mid-level course

4-The Apocalypse and Christian Literature of the First Century: the Book of Revelation will be examined in its context as Jewish apocalyptic literature, its particularly Christian and Johannine message and its setting in the larger Hellenistic and Roman culture. a mid-level course

5-The Book of Acts: the Book of acts considered as early Christian history but more so as an attempt to define essential characteristics of the Church as distinct from Judaism on the one hand and paganism on the other. This is the Church’s earliest surviving form of defining itself. The study is intended to ferret out what that definition is. a mid-level course

6-A Gospel Study: an in-depth study of one particular Gospel: its specialized vocabulary, relation to the other Gospels, theological emphases (especially its presentation of Jesus Christ), and its literary structure as providing insight into the meaning of its content. an upper-level course
7-A Study of the Johannine Tradition: an overview of the Johannine corpus, Gospel, epistles and the Apocalypse; distinctive characteristics of the Johannine tradition, how these are related to other Christian traditions and the particular theological emphases of the writings attributed to St John the Apostle. an upper-level course

8-Canon and History of Hermeneutics: an introduction to the interpretation of Holy Scripture emphasizing four points: the doctrine of Scripture, the theory of hermeneutics, the unity of the Bible, and the practice of exegesis. An brief overview of the history of biblical interpretation, Jewish, early Christian, patristic, medieval, Reformation, and “modern.” Introduction to principles of exegesis; an upper-level course

Specialized courses: The Theology of St Paul; Sources of the Gospel Tradition;
The Language of the NT: a study in Greek vocabulary and texts; The Christian
Apocalyptic Tradition and the Book of the Revelations

Texts:

Commentaries: C Gore, A New Commentary on Holy Scripture (1932); AS Peake, Peake’s Commentary on the Bible (1919); Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (1882 on); Cambridge Bible Commentaries (1965 on); Harrington ed, Sacra Pagina (2010)

lll – Dogmatic Theology

Christian doctrine from the Anglican perspective covering divine revelation, Scripture, Tradition, Reason, Faith, Creation and Man, Original Sin, the Trinity, Christology, and Pneumatology, Ecclesiology, the Sacraments and the Last Things: the major Christian doctrines from their biblical foundations through their historical developments to their modern expressions.

1-Introduction to Dogmatic Theology 1: an overview of the principal dogmas and doctrines of the Church: the Trinity, Creation and Man, the Incarnation and Ecclesiology. Covering these topics, the student will be introduced into the methodology of theological thought and approach; an introductory level course 2-Introduction to Dogmatic Theology 2: a continuing overview of the dogmas and doctrines of the Church: the nature of Man before and after the Fall, Jesus Christ, “fully God and fully Man,” the Church and the Sacraments, the Last Things: death judgment, Heaven and hell. Student will be presented with these topics as integral to the Church’s tradition and encouraged to explore their thoughts within that context; an introductory level course 3-Trinitarian Theology: a review of Trinitarian theological thought (orthodox and heretical) from Scripture (Old and New Testaments), the Fathers of the Church and their opponents, the late patristic synthesis and the theological sundering of East and West; the influence of the Reformation and Enlightenment on Trinitarian thought, and questions of the modern and post-modern period: a mid-level
course
4-Soteriology: a review of Christian thought on the death of Christ. The intent of the course is to ask the student to plumb the question: “Why did Christ die?” Tracing this question from Scripture (Old and New Testaments), the Fathers of the Church, the medieval scholastics (particularly St Thomas Aquinas) through the Reformation to modern times. The class will conclude with students writing their own analysis of the question: a mid-level course
5-Eclesiology: a review of Christian understanding(s) of the nature and importance of the church to “us men and our salvation.” From Scripture through the Fathers, the Liturgy, the three Catholic Creeds to the splintering of the Church east and west, the fragmentation of the Reformation (with a special look at Anglican notions of the nature of the Church) till the modern ecumenical movement and the present, we will examine how Christians have understood the Church and what they believe about it: a mid-level course

6-Scripture, Tradition and Reason: Anglicans have, since Hooker at least, approached theology with the understanding provided by this “three-legged stool.” This course will address each of these “legs,” their interrelatedness, strengths and defects. We will examine some basic Christian dogmas (Trinity and Incarnation) in the light this approach provides to test its usefulness and limitations; a mid-level course

7-Anglicanism and the Thirty-Nine Articles: an overview of the Articles of Religion, the history of their formation and background, a review of their interpretation from the time of their composition till today; the authority of the Articles within Anglicanism, and an examination of what they say and don’t say: a mid-level course

8-Anglican Theology 1 (1500-1700): a review of the theological thought
(through a study of theologians such as Jewel, Hooker and Andrewes) of the first centuries of Anglicanism: their relations with continental Protestantism and Romanism, the theological contests and factions within Anglicanism and
England, the influence of the crown on theological thought from Henry VIII
through the death of Queen Anne in 1702; an upper-level course

9-Anglican Theology 2 (1700-2020): a review of the theological thought (through a study of theologians such as Berkeley, Whitfield and Wesley, Keble, Gore and Maurice) of the last three centuries of Anglicanism and its dominant trends: Evangelicalism, Latitudinarianism, the Catholic Revival of the Oxford Movement and the Broad and Low Church responses; the waning and collapse
of orthodox Anglicanism and the traditionalist response: an upper-level course

Specialized courses: Patristic Theology 1-the Greek East; Patristic Theology 2-
the Latin West; Medieval Theology & Scholasticism; Theologies of the
Reformation; Current Questions in Theology

Texts:
1-Claude B Moss: The Christian Faith: An Introduction to Dogmatic Theology (London: SPCK, 1944)

2-E J Bicknell: A Theological Introduction to the Thirty-nine Articles of the Church of England (1963)

3-E Mascall: Christ, the Christian and the Church (1946)

4-M Ramsey: The Gospel and the Catholic Church (1963)

IV — Church History

1-Church History, Ancient and Medieval to the Reformation: an introductory
overview of the history of the Christian Church, from Apostolic to modern times; its growth within and relationship to the Hellenistic and Roman worlds;
Constantine and the Christian Empire; the Byzantine and Latin Churches; the
spread of Christianity in the post-Roman world and the medieval Church of the
West; the growth and deterioration of the papacy; the medieval revivals and
reforms; the late Byzantine Church and its rivals; the Renaissance and
Reformation in Germany, France and England; an introductory level course

2-Church History, Reformation to Modern: continuing the overview of the
Church’s history through the Reformation and Counter-Reformation, and the
conflicts within Christianity between various reformed factions and within the
Roman Church itself and, at the same time, the conflicts of Christians and the
intellectual ferment of the Renaissance and Enlightenment; the responses of
Christians to the growth of nationalism and the political upheavals of the
eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; latitudinarianism, anticlericalism and the
rise of Evangelicalism; the impact of new biblical studies in Germany and the
conservative responses, particularly in England and from the Roman Church; a
review of the development of critical studies both in Scripture and theology; the conflicts, real and imagined, between science and religion; and the response of Christians to modern philosophical movements, ie, existentialism, secularism, etc; the growth and obstacles of Christianity in Africa and Asia and the challenges to Christianity in Europe, the Americas, an introductory level course 3-The Apostolic Church: the Church in the first century, emphasizing its growth,
structure and relationship with Judaism and the Hellenistic world; the developing
sense of the ecclesia; the Apostolic Ministry and its successors; the development
and role of Scripture, Old and New; Jewish and early Christian Liturgy; a mid-
level course

4-The Oecumenical Councils: a history of the background, events and
personalities of the Seven Ecumenical Councils from Nicaea 1 (325) to Nicaea 2
(787); their doctrinal disputes, decrees and canons; their reception and relevance to the Church today: a mid-level course

5-The Medieval Church: a study of the Church’s history from the pontificate of
Pope St Gregory the Great (600) to the onset of the Reformation in 1500. Tracing the growth of the Church, the development of (and responses to) the ecclesial structures within the Church: the contests between Church and State, the Latin and Greek Churches and their relations; the influence of monasticism and the mendicant orders; medieval heresies, the Inquisition and the first stirrings of the Reformation; a mid-level course

6-The English Reformation: from the days of Wycliffe till the death of Elizabeth |
(Tudor), an examination of the people, movements and ideas that formed the
Church of England from the break with Rome to the enthronement of James I.
While it is principally a study of history, the course will touch on the prevailing theological discussions and disagreements of the day, particularly as embodied in their leading spokesmen/women: a mid-level course

7-A History of the Church of England and the Anglican Communion: an
overview of the Church of England from the mid-point of Elizabeth I’s reign (her excommunication by Pope Pius V in 1570) to modern times, with special
emphasis on the leading personalities and movements of each century:
theologians, church leaders, related historical events, and the religious trends particular to each period among the laity; the development of “Anglicanism” in the 19″ century and its expansion overseas, particularly in Africa and Asia. Current issues will also be explored, ie, the ordination of women and homosexuals, the embracing by the Church of England and those in her Communion of dubious doctrines and moralities and the responses to such with the formation of Continuing Anglicanism: a mid-level course

8-A History of the Anglican Church in Africa: from its 19″ century beginnings
to the present day; personalities, challenges and plans for the future: a mid-level course

9- The History of the Episcopal/Anglican Church in America: from its first
planting in Jamestown, its struggle for survival during and after the American
Revolution, through the foundation of a separate ecclesial body from the Church
of England and the consecration of its first bishops, the story of the struggle for identity of an Anglican Church; the growth, expansion and influence of the
Church in the 19″ century and its struggle with social questions and split over
slavery; we will look at the lives of some of its most influential churchmen,
leading theologians and prominent theological issues, particularly in the 20″
century; its successes, failures and future; a mid-level course

Specialized courses: The Churches of the Orthodox East; the Ecumenical
Movement; Great Theologians 1- Irenaeus of Lyons; Great Theologians 2- St
Gregory Nazianzen; Great Theologians 3- St Augustine of Hippo; Great
Theologians 4- St Thomas Aquinas; Great Theologians 5- Richard Hooker; Great
Theologians 6- Charles Gore

Texts:

1-JWC Frend, A History of the Early Church (1965)

2-M Deansley, History of the Medieval Church (1959)

3-A G Dicken, The English Reformation (1964)

4-TM Parker, The English Reformation to 1558 (1966)

5-M Powicke, The Reformation in England (1941)

6-P Hughes, Theology of the English Reformers (1965)

7-C Bridenbaugh, Mitre and Sceptre (1962)

8-C Carter, The English Church in the Eighteenth Century (1948)

9-L Elliot-Binns, The Development of English Theology in the Nineteenth Century
(1952)

V — Moral Theology and Christian Ethics

1-Introduction to Moral Theology: an overview of the doctrines and disciplines
of moral theology: the nature of man and his end; the cardinal and theological
virtues, the question of conscience and the complexity or moral acts; sin,
repentance, and grace and their impacts on the maturation of the soul; special
effort will be made to introduce the student to the reality and application of these concepts in their own lives; an introductory level course

2-Christian Ethics: an examination of the practical impact of Christian moral
theology to the ethical behavior of a Christian; examining ethical “authorities”:
Scripture, traditional Christian moral teaching and the conscience, daily
challenges to living in society will be addressed: sex and marriage, the sanctity of human life, civil law, civil conflict and civil disobedience, complicity in the sins of others, as well as broader topics of justice, truth and most importantly, the role of love for a Christian facing a godless, in different world; an introductory level course

3-A History of Moral Theology: from the earliest Biblical notions that belief in God required adherence to a moral code to the codification of moral theology as a combination of classical ethical principles with Christian doctrines regarding the nature of man, moral theology is the practical application of Christian principles to
human behavior. This course traces that development from classical antiquity
and the teachings of Aristotle to their refinement by St Thomas Aquinas.
Anglicanism is part of this heritage, as some of the greatest moral theologians, eg, Jeremy Taylor, were much admired and quoted by Roman Catholic moral theologians. The study of moral theology today is much neglected in
Anglicanism, the results of which are sadly obvious. a mid-level course

4-Anglican Moral Theology: a review of moral theology in the Anglican tradition, which particularly blossomed in the seventeenth century with Richard Hooker (regarded as the father of Anglican moral theology), Sanderson and Taylor. These men formed an Anglican tradition at once rigorously faithful to the past but tempered with a deep sense of moral theology’s pastoral character, coming to life in Georg Herbert; a mid-level course

5-Conscience and the Growth of the Soul: the place of the conscience in
moral acts has long been understood as pivotal to the meaning and importance
of human action; this course looks to the Church’s traditional understanding of
the role of the conscience, the strengths and weaknesses of its guidance, and
the notion of the “informed conscience,” so essential in the teaching of st Thomas Aquinas. His texts, together with those of Hooker and Taylor, will be the heart of this course; an upper-level course

6-The Cardinal and Theological Virtues: the four cardinal virtues together with
the three theological virtues provide the basis for a Christian understanding of virtue and its role in the Christian’s growth in grace to his fulfilling the end of His life with God in Heaven. This course aims to help the student see these virtues as necessary to a practical living of the Gospel and, further, enable him to put them to practice in his life and then of those who may be entrusted to his future pastoral care; an upper-level course

7-Virtue versus Vice, the Seven Deadly Sins: the seven deadly sins are
examined in detail as snares for the human souls. Each of the sins will be
considered in detail, together with its permutations and subtleties. Students will be taught the necessity of recognizing these sins and their deleterious impact on the soul, as well as instructed in the offsetting virtues intended to remedy and restore the fallen soul: NB: this course will require participants to make a private confession of their sins to a priest and receive counsel and absolution; an upper- level course
Specialized courses: Modern Ethical Problems: Abortion, Homosexuality and
Gender Identity; Formation of the Conscience: “the Informed Soul”; The Struggle
of Virtue and Vice in Christian Tradition; Jeremy Taylor’s Holy Living and Holy
Dying; The Caroline Formation of Anglican Moral Thought

Texts:
R Mortimer, Elements of Moral Theology (1947)
K Kirk, Some Principles of Moral Theology (1920)
R Mortimer, Christian Ethics (1950)
H McAdoo, The Structure of Caroline Moral Theology (1949)
K Kirk, The Vision of God (1931)
J Pieper, The Four Cardinal Virtues (1954)
VI — The Christian Spiritual Tradition

1-Introduction to Christian Spirituality: what is “spirituality’? the dogmatic
understanding of man’s nature in relation to God, creation, others and himself,
the Incarnational basis of Christian spirituality: the Church and Sacraments, and the spirituality of sacramental faith; the “interior life” and its components: prayer, personal and common, introduction to meditation and contemplation, methods and traditions; “schools” of Christian spirituality; a review of Eastern and Western traditions of the Christian spiritual tradition; an introductory level course

2-Prayer and Contemplation: Prayer and its parts: adoration, thanksgiving,
penitence, petition and intercession; meditation, its methods and ends; affective, contemplative and recollective prayer; liturgical prayer; practicing personal prayer and the individual attrait; difficulties and disciplines of prayer; preparing a Rule of Life; an introductory level course

3-The Spiritual Growth and Development of the Christian Soul: components
and goals of the Christian life; notions of spiritual growth and the stages of
development: introduction to the Three Ways, purgative, illuminative &
contemplative; grace: actual and habitual; virtues, theological and cardinal; the
gifts of the Holy Ghost and the life of grace and obedience; sin, actual and
habitual, temptation: its sources and struggles; the World, the Flesh and the
Devil; conversion, repentance and mortification; the place of prayer and the
Sacraments in spiritual growth; an introductory level course

4-A History of Christian Spirituality, Ancient and Modern (part 1): Christian
spirituality as seen in Holy Scripture and the apostolic age, the tradition of
martyrdom and early asceticism; Christian Neo-Platonism; the birth of monasticism, St Anthony of Egypt and the tradition of the desert; Syrian and
Coptic and traditions; the Latin spirituality of Ambrose, Augustine and Gregory;
Byzantine Spirituality; the Celtic tradition of Patrick and the Monasticism of
Benedict and the Benedictine Reform; the Mendicant spirituality of Francis, Clare
and Dominic; the Devotio Moderna and Christian Humanism; a mid-level course

5- A History of Christian Spirituality, Ancient and Modern (part 2): the
spiritual tradition of the Reformers: Luther, Calvin, Zwingli and Cranmer; the
Counter Reformers: Ignatius, Teresa, John and Augustine Baker; the pre-
Reformation English spirituality of Hilton, Juliana, Margery Kempe and Richard
Rolle and the early Anglican spirituality of the Caroline Divines: Lancelot
Andrewes, Jeremy Taylor and George Herbert; Evangelicalism, Whitfield and the
Wesleys; the French spiritual tradition from Francis de Sales to Therese of
Lisieux; the Nineteenth century: Keble & Newman and Kierkegaard &
Dostoyevsky; “modern” Christian spirituality: Evelyn Underhill, Edith Stein, CS
Lewis & Pope John Paul Il; a mid-level course

6-The Anglican Spiritual Tradition (part 1): a study of Anglican spirituality from
its Celtic and Anglo-Saxon roots, shown in the penitential tradition of Celtic
monasticism and the long line of royal Benedictine abbesses; England as the
“land of the Benedictines”; the spirituality of the English academic tradition
exemplified in St Anselm; the intensely personal 14!” century spiritual tradition in England: Hilton and Rolle, Juliana of Norwich and Margery Kempe; Wycliff, Lollardry and the anti-clericalism of the 15′” century; the Christian Humanism of Erasmus and Thomas More; the spirituality of Henry VIII; a mid-level course

7-The Anglican Spiritual Tradition (part 2): a study of Anglican spirituality from the English Reformation to modern times, examining the conflicting spiritualities of the radical reformers, the Puritans and the Churchmen of Elizabeth’s reign; the ensuing period of the Caroline Divines, from Hooker’s Laws in 1600 till the publication of William Law’s A Serious Call in 1730, one of the richest periods of the development of the Anglican tradition; the moral and spiritual laxity of 18″ century latitudinarianism which evoked first, the Evangelical movement with its call to personal holiness and conversion and later, the Oxford movement with its
emphasis on the liturgical and sacramental life of the Church. The role of
Anglican monasticism in revitalizing the tradition of personal spiritual life and
growth seen alongside the deterioration of a distinctively Anglican spiritual
tradition in the ecumenism, relativism and secularism which characterize much of
Anglicanism today; a mid-level course

8-The Spiritual Teaching of the Book of Common Prayer: a study of the Book
of Common Prayer as a pattern for personal and parochial spiritual growth; the
Prayer Book pattern of common worship and personal prayer, of a personal life
lived in a parochial setting; the pattern of Daily Offices, the Sunday Eucharist, the liturgical year and the personal participation in these common events as formative of Christian character and discipline; why such a plan is needed in parish life to benefit both the parish and the individual, and how such a [program can be instituted; an upper-level course

9-Lectio Divina: Scripture in Christian Spirituality: a study of the Christian
tradition of Lectio Divina: reading of Scripture for meditation and prayer; from its roots in the monastic tradition to modern times, the tradition of Lectio has played a major role in the understanding and practice of Christian meditation. The course will introduce students to the practice and engage them in a disciplined practice of lectio through the course with discussions on the personal impact of the practice; its uses and potential abuses; an upper-level course

10-The Christian Spiritual Tradition and Other Spiritualties: a comparative
study of Christian spirituality with the spiritualities of other religious traditions: Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism and “modern’ spiritual movements; also the spiritualities of secularism, agnosticism and atheism; an upper-level course

Specialized courses: Spiritual Direction; The Priest in the Confessional: a guide to sources; Hesychasm and the Tradition of the Jesus Prayer; Spiritual Traditions of the Priesthood: a study of WP DuBose; The Spirituality of the Caroline Divines;
Medieval English Spirituality in the 14 Century; The Anglo-Saxon Spiritual
Tradition: a reading of holy poetry; Queen and Abbess: a medieval study of
feminine spirutlaity

Texts:

FP Harton, Elements of the Spiritual Life (1932)
M Thornton, English Spirituality (1963)

M Thornton, Christian Proficiency (1964)

L Bouyer, /ntroduction to Spirituality (1961)

U Holmes, A History of Christian Spirituality: An Analytical Introduction (2002)

Vil — Liturgical Theology

1-Introduction to Liturgical Studies: the defining nature of Christian worship:
lex orandi lex credenda statuit; the early Christian liturgy and its relation to Jewish worship in the synagogue and Temple; the Jewish calendar and the
development of the liturgical year; the Jewish antecedents of the Daily Office and the Eucharist; the continuity and distinction of early Christian worship with its Jewish origins; early Christian liturgies and the growth of liturgical “families”, a liturgical vocabulary; characteristics of medieval liturgy East and West; the liturgical impact of the Reformation; the Book of Common Prayer, the modern Roman Liturgy and a brief look at current liturgical thought East and West; an
introductory level course

2-The Book of Common Prayer, an Introduction: a thorough review of the
structure and contents of the Book of Common Prayer, 1662 English and 1928
American; the background of these Prayer Books with particular attention to the
Book of 1549; a rapid review of the history of other Anglican Prayer Books,
particularly the Scottish, Canadian and South African Prayer Books together with a study of the ongoing revisions across the Anglican spectrum since the 1960s to the present; the language of the Prayer Book; the rationale for Prayer Book changes and revisions will be discussed and critiqued, concluding with critiques of the current “conservative” Prayer Books and prospects for revision; an introductory level course

3-The History of Christian Liturgy: beginning with an examination of the
earliest Christian liturgies, we will trace the growth of the liturgy with emphasis on the Daily Office and the Eucharist; the language of worship: Greek, Latin and early vernaculars; the growth and dominance of the Byzantine rite in the East and the Latin (Roman) rite in the West; the development of liturgical books and the codification of medieval liturgy; the stratification of the medieval liturgies and periodic attempts at reform; the liturgies of the Reformation: Lutheran, Calvinist,
Zwinglian and Anglican. The Roman liturgical reaction in the Missal of Pius V; an overview of the history of the Book of Common Prayer from 1549 to 1979;
beginnings of modern liturgical studies and the invention of “liturgical theology”;
trends and movements in 20″ and 21° century liturgy; a mid-level course

4-Liturgical Theology: An Introduction to Liturgical Thought: the “Liturgical
Movement” of the late 19′” and early 20″ century introduced the notion of
Liturgical Theology; from its beginnings with Guéranger in Solemnes and
Beauduin, the initially monastic movement spread across Europe in the decades
before the Second World War. Its notions of participatory liturgy and an enriched liturgical life in parochial settings found its way to Anglicanism with AG Herbert’s Liturgy and Society (resulting in the Parish and People Movement of the 1940s and the Parish Communion programs of the 1950s). In the Eastern Churches this revival was exemplified by A. Schmemann. While the movement led to the liturgical revolutions of the 70s and beyond, its principles deserve study and reflection; a mid-level course

5-Anglican Liturgy (part 1): a History of the English Prayer Book: a study of
the history of the Prayer Book from the earliest experimental forms composed by
Archbishop Cranmer (with an examination of is sources) to the recent revisions
of the later 20′” century. Both the liturgical services themselves and the disputes
about such forms with their doctrinal concerns will be examined. Does a change
in liturgy mean a change in doctrine? From the Elizabethan controversies to the
latitudinarian Deism of 18″ century England, down to our own time, liturgical practice has been the focus of both argumentation and a place of (sometimes
uneasy) compromise; a mid-level course

6-Anglican Liturgy (part 2): a Study of the Forms and Content of the Prayer
Book: an examination of the structure and content of the Prayer Book rites; the
use of Collects, Litanies and other forms of prayer and the history of these forms; the structure of the Daily Offices and the Eucharist in Anglican tradition and the meaning and intent of these structures; what are the essential and distinctive “forms” of Anglican liturgy? A study of the language of the Prayer Book will be a
particular topic in this course; a mid-level course

7-Anglican Liturgy (part 3): Anglican Liturgical Music

8-Anglican Liturgy (part 4): Anglican Church Buildings-Their Design and
Ornamentation

9-Anglican Liturgy (part 5): the Ceremonial Customs of Anglicanism

Practical Liturgics

1-Introduction to Church Music: the history of Christian church music; with
review of basic musical skills necessary for liturgical officiating, chanting, pointing
collects and lessons; the development of liturgical music from the early church to
the present provides the framework for examining plainsong, Anglican chant,
psalmody, and hymnody; liturgical and musical terms in their historical and
practical context; an introductory level course

2-Liturgical Reading, Speaking and Deportment: basics in the use of the
voice, emphasizing public reading and speaking skills; basic principles of
liturgical officiating and movement, with attention to long-established rules for the
conduct of liturgical services; an introduction to the vocabulary and standard
sources of practical liturgy: ceremonial guides and manuals, such as Ritual
Notes; an introductory level course

Vill — Pastoral Theology & Pastoral Ministry
Pastoral Counseling
Catechetics
Parochial Liturgy
Homeletics
Parish Administration

Evangelism and Parish Growth

Texts:
M Thornton, Pastoral Theology: A Reorientation

M Thornton, The Heart of the Parish

IX — Parish Administration
X — Clinical Pastoral Education
XI — Anglican Polity

Ecclesiastical Organization: the Communion, Province, Diocese, Deanery and
Parish

Diocesan Structures
Anglican Canon Law
A History of Canon Law
A Study of the Constitution and Canons

Addressing canonical problems